什么是短肠综合征？
Short bowel syndrome (SBS), or simply "short gut," is a condition caused by the loss of a functioning small intestine. The small intestine is an important part of the digestive tract — it's where we absorb most of the sugars, proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals from the food we eat. When a child doesn't have enough small intestine, the body can't absorb the nutrients it needs to grow and thrive.
SBS是一个严重的条件，因为如果不进行治疗，它可能导致脱水和营养不良，并可能威胁生命。您孩子在SBS上的问题的程度通常取决于哪些部分以及有多少小肠受到影响。
Short bowel syndrome is a rare condition — but you don’t have to go it alone. This animated video can help both kids and adults understand how short bowel syndrome occurs and how we treat it at Boston Children’s Hospital.
短肠综合征的症状是什么？
这symptoms of short bowel syndrome (SBS) are essentially all those associated with the inability to absorb nutrients from food (malabsorption), including:
- 体重减轻/体重增加
- 脱水
- diarrhea
- abdominal bloating
- 呕吐
- abdominal pain
- 维生素和矿物质缺乏症
除了防止肠吸收营养素外，SB还带来了其他问题。例如，如果您的孩子没有足够的小肠，则其余部分试图自行解决问题。它扩展了，创造了更多的表面积来吸收营养。肠道越宽，人体通过它移动营养所需的时间就越长。在肠道上有更多的时间意味着通常会迅速扫除的细菌的时间更多，从而增加了孩子感染的机会，称为小肠细菌过度生长。
SB的原因是什么？
SBS is caused by an insufficient length of small intestine. There are several reasons why SBS may occur:
- intestinal problems that your baby was born with.这se can include肠闭锁或狭窄，，，，gastroschisis，，，，Volvulus，严重Hirschsprung's disease。
- 坏死性小肠结肠炎（NEC）。NEC is an illness that damages the intestinal tissues in babies and can lead to holes or areas of narrowing (strictures) in the intestines.
- 其他原因。这se may include a traumatic injury to the small bowel that requires that it be removed,Crohn's disease，辐射肠炎，血管炎， 和别的。
Download our Living with Short Bowel Syndrome e-book
我们如何照顾短肠综合征
这高级肠道康复中心（CAIR）在波士顿儿童医院是世界上SBS治疗的首要计划之一。每年，我们的计划都在关心来自该国和国外各地区的200多名儿童。2002年，我们的医生表演了世界的第一个serial transverse enteroplasty procedure (STEP)，一种手术技术，可延长和挖掘SBS儿童的肠道。从那时起，我们成功地执行了数十个这些程序。我们的跨学科中心也以SBS儿童的营养和医疗管理创新而闻名。CAIR是第一个使用新颖的静脉制剂（omegaven）来治疗与肠道衰竭相关的肝病的中心。
Short Bowel Syndrome |Diagnosis & Treatment
How is short bowel syndrome diagnosed?
To evaluate short bowel syndrome, your child's clinician will take a detailed medical history, perform a physical examination, order various specialized laboratory tests and may also order tests to show any structural problems with the intestine. These can include:
- abdominalx-ray，，，，often with contrast material to better define the gastrointestinal anatomy and function
- abdominalultrasound，，，，to evaluate blood vessel structures as well as various organs
- 改良的钡吞咽，分析上胃肠道解剖和功能
- 内窥镜检查，一种测试，该测试在末端（内窥镜）末端（内窥镜）使用带有光和相机镜头的小型柔性管来检查消化道的一部分。从消化道内部的组织样品也可以进行检查。在某些情况下，在内窥镜检查过程中收集液体，以帮助诊断和治疗小肠细菌过度生长。
- colonoscopy, a test that uses a long, flexible tube with a light and camera lens at the end (colonoscope) to examine inside the large intestine. As with the endoscopy, tissue samples from inside the digestive tract may also be taken for examination and testing.
你孩子的医生也可能提供下面的g specialized tests of nutritional status:
- 呼吸氢分析，以量化碳水化合物或糖的吸收不良程度，并确定肠内过量的细菌是否生长
- 间接量热法，以卡路里，碳水化合物，蛋白质和脂肪的形式分析孩子的营养需求的测试
- body composition tests, to evaluate fat and lean muscle
- DEXA scans, to evaluate bone density
- motility testing, to evaluate gastrointestinal function
- FibroScan, to assess the liver