超声|超声Examinations
When is ultrasonography needed?
超声可以在身体的许多部位进行。
腹部
腹部超声是内部器官的超声，包括肝脏，胆囊，脾脏，胰腺，肾脏和膀胱。当孩子有：我们执行腹部超声检查：
头
A head ultrasound is an ultrasound of the brain. It looks at the brain tissues and ventricles. It is usually performed on infants who still have a soft spot (called the fontanelle) in their skulls. We perform a head ultrasound when:
- A baby has an enlarged head circumference
- 筛选bleeding in the brain, especially in早产婴儿
- looking for signs of infection
- 筛选先天性异常
Hip
Hip ultrasound is used to take pictures of the hips of babies to look for a dislocated or underdeveloped hip. Both hips will be examined. It can be performed in babies from the newborn period to about 6-8 months of age. We perform a hip ultrasound when:
- an abnormality is found through physical examination of a baby's hip
- a family has history of髋关节发育不良
- a baby is breech
肾
A kidney ultrasound takes pictures of both kidneys and the urinary bladder. It does not directly test the function of the kidneys. Some reasons we perform a kidney ultrasound are:
- 产前检测到的异常（例如肾积水）
- 尿路感染
- 尿液中的血
- high blood pressure
- back or abdominal pain
- known or suspected kidney stones
- 家族史肾脏疾病
- 与肾脏异常有关的综合征和疾病。
Pelvic
A pelvic ultrasound is used to take pictures of the pelvic organs, and is usually done to look at the uterus and ovaries in a girl. It will also be used to look at the bladder. Pelvic ultrasound can also be done in boys. A pelvic ultrasound is done to look for a cause of pelvic pain or search for a possible mass.
脊柱
A spine ultrasound is used to take pictures of the spinal cord and surrounding structures in a baby who is usually less than 4 months old. A spine ultrasound is done to look for an abnormality of the spinal cord.
What kind of equipment do we use to perform ultrasounds?
- 超声机器大约是杂货店的大小。
- A TV screen for viewing the images is attached to the machine.
- 超声machines are portable and require no special support or shielding other than a good source of electricity.
- 用于扫描的房间的照明昏暗，因此可以更清楚地看到图片。